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Compare Senegal (2007) - Jan Mayen (2008)

Compare Senegal (2007) z Jan Mayen (2008)

 Senegal (2007)Jan Mayen (2008)
 SenegalJan Mayen
Administrative divisions 11 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor -
Age structure 0-14 years: 42% (male 2,656,122/female 2,608,423)


15-64 years: 55% (male 3,426,504/female 3,454,372)


65 years and over: 3% (male 176,877/female 199,553) (2007 est.)
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Agriculture - products peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish -
Airports 20 (2007) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 9


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
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Airports - with unpaved runways total: 11


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Area total: 196,190 sq km


land: 192,000 sq km


water: 4,190 sq km
total: 377 sq km


land: 377 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Dakota slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background The French colonies of Senegal and the French Sudan were merged in 1959 and granted their independence as the Mali Federation in 1960. The union broke up after only a few months. Senegal was ruled by the Socialist Party for 40 years until current President Abdoulaye WADE was elected in 2000. Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982, but the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. The most significant threat within Senegal since the 1980s has been led by the Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance (MFDC). Although a peace agreement was signed in December 2004, internal rifts continue to keep the peace process deadlocked. Nevertheless, Senegal remains one of the most stable democracies in Africa. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping. This desolate, artic, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985. It is the northernmost active volcano on earth.
Birth rate 37.4 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) -
Budget revenues: $1.975 billion


expenditures: $2.485 billion (2006 est.)
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Capital name: Dakar


geographic coordinates: 14 40 N, 17 26 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
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Climate tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Coastline 531 km 124.1 km
Constitution adopted 7 January 2001 -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Senegal


conventional short form: Senegal


local long form: Republique du Senegal


local short form: Senegal


former: Senegambia (along with The Gambia); Mali Federation
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Death rate 10.96 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) -
Debt - external $1.437 billion (2006 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jay Thomas Smith


embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar


mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar


telephone: [221] 33-823-4296


FAX: [221] 33-822-2991
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Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Amadou Lamine BA


chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540


FAX: [1] (202) 332-6315


consulate(s) general: Houston, New York
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Disputes - international The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem separatist violence, cross border raids, and arms smuggling into their countries from Senegal's Casamance region, and in 2006, respectively accepted 6,000 and 10,000 Casamance residents fleeing the conflict; 2,500 Guinea-Bissau residents fled into Senegal in 2006 to escape armed confrontations along the border none
Economic aid - recipient $689.3 million (2005 est.) -
Economy - overview In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which was linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging over 5% annually during 1995-2006. Annual inflation had been pushed down to the low single digits. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff and a more stable monetary policy. High unemployment, however, continues to prompt illegal migrants to flee Senegal in search of better job opportunities in Europe. Senegal was also beset by an energy crisis that caused widespread blackouts in 2006. Senegal still relies heavily upon outside donor assistance. Under the IMF's Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief program, Senegal will benefit from eradication of two-thirds of its bilateral, multilateral, and private-sector debt. Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island.
Electricity - consumption 1.456 billion kWh (2005) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) -
Electricity - production 2.223 billion kWh (2005) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m
lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Environment - current issues wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling -
Ethnic groups Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4% -
Exchange rates Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 522.89 (2006), 527.47 (2005), 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002) -
Executive branch chief of state: President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000)


head of government: Prime Minister Cheikh Hadjibou SOUMARE (since 19 June 2007)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term) under new constitution; election last held on 25 February 2007 (next to be held in 2012); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Abdoulaye WADE reelected president in the first round of voting; percent of vote - Abdoulaye WADE 55.9%, Idrissa SECK 14.9%, Ousmane Tanor DIENG 13.6%, Moustapha NIASSE 5.9%, other 9.7%
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Exports NA bbl/day -
Exports - commodities fish, groundnuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton -
Exports - partners Mali 19.2%, France 8.3%, India 5.8%, Gambia, The 5.3%, Spain 5.1%, Italy 4.9% (2006) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia the flag of Norway is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 16.6%


industry: 19.2%


services: 64.1% (2006 est.)
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GDP - real growth rate 2% (2006 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 14 00 N, 14 00 W 71 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia is almost an enclave within Senegal barren volcanic island with some moss and grass
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2.7%


highest 10%: 33.4% (2001)
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Illicit drugs transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis -
Imports NA bbl/day -
Imports - commodities food and beverages, capital goods, fuels -
Imports - partners France 25.1%, UK 5.2%, Thailand 4.8%, China 4.5%, Spain 4% (2006) -
Independence 4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960 -
Industrial production growth rate 3.2% (2006 est.) -
Industries agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials, ship construction and repair -
Infant mortality rate total: 60.15 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 64.06 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 56.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.1% (2006 est.) -
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OIF, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMOVIC, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO -
Irrigated land 1,200 sq km (2003) 0 sq km
Judicial branch Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals -
Labor force 4.723 million (2006 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 77%


industry and services: 23% (1990 est.)
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Land boundaries total: 2,640 km


border countries: The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 12.51%


permanent crops: 0.24%


other: 87.25% (2005)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka -
Legal system based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State audits the government's accounting office; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consisting of the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (150 seats; 90 members elected by direct popular vote with the remaining members elected by proportional representation from party lists to serve five-year terms) and the Senate reinstituted in 2007 (100 seats; 35 indirectly elected with the remaining 65 members to be appointed by the president)


elections: National Assembly - last held on 3 June 2007 (next to be held 2012); note - the National Assembly in December 2005 voted to postpone legislative elections originally scheduled for 2006; legislative elections were first rescheduled to coincide with the 25 February 2007 presidential elections and later rescheduled for 3 June 2007; the June election was boycotted by 12 opposition parties, including the former ruling Socialist Party, that resulted in a record-low, 35-percent voter turnout; Senate - last held 19 August 2007 (next to be held - NA)


election results: National Assembly results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SOPI Coalition 131, other 19; Senate results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDS 34, AJ/PADS 1, 65 to be appointed by the president
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Life expectancy at birth total population: 56.69 years


male: 55.34 years


female: 58.09 years (2007 est.)
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Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 39.3%


male: 51.1%


female: 29.2% (2002 est.)
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Location Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Map references Africa Arctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
territorial sea: 4 nm


contiguous zone: 10 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Norway
Military branches Army, Senegalese Navy (Marine Senegalaise), Senegalese Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Senegal) (2007) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.4% (2005 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 4 April (1960) -
Nationality noun: Senegalese (singular and plural)


adjective: Senegalese
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Natural hazards lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985
Natural resources fish, phosphates, iron ore none
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) -
Pipelines gas 43 km (2006) -
Political parties and leaders African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism or AJ/PADS) [Landing SAVANE]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye Bamba DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; Jef-Jel [Talla SYLLA]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madior DIOUF]; People's Labor Party or PTP [Elhadji DIOUF]; Reform Party or PR [Abdourahim AGNE]; Rewmi [Idrissa SECK]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI Coalition [Abdoulaye WADE] (a coalition led by the PDS); Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA] -
Political pressure groups and leaders labor; Sufi and Mouride brotherhoods; students; teachers -
Population 12,521,851 (July 2007 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station
Population below poverty line 54% (2001 est.) -
Population growth rate 2.645% (2007 est.) -
Radio broadcast stations AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001) AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (there is one radio and meteorological station) (1998)
Railways total: 906 km


narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000 meter gauge (2006)
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Religions Muslim 94%, Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic), indigenous beliefs 1% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.018 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.992 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.886 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
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Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: good system


domestic: above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system


international: country code - 221; 4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
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Telephones - main lines in use 282,600 (2006) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 2.983 million (2006) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) -
Terrain generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Total fertility rate 5 children born/woman (2007 est.) -
Unemployment rate 48%; note - urban youth 40% (2001 est.) -
Waterways 1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers) (2005) -
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